Īccording to an Etruscan tradition, the hero Macstarna, usually equated with Servius Tullius, defeated and killed a Roman named Gnaeus Tarquinius, and rescued the brothers Caelius and Aulus Vibenna from captivity. When the sons of Marcius subsequently arranged the elder Tarquin's assassination in 579 BC, Tanaquil placed Servius Tullius on the throne, in preference to her own sons or grandsons. Tanaquil had engineered her husband's succession to the Roman kingdom on the death of Ancus Marcius.
The most ancient sources, such as that of Quintus Fabius Pictor, assert Tarquin was the son of Tarquinius Priscus, but modern historians believe that to be "impossible" under the traditional chronology, indicating either he was Priscus' grandson or that the traditional chronology itself is "unsound". His reign has been described as a tyranny that justified the abolition of the monarchy. Tarquin was said to have been either the son or grandson of Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, the fifth king of Rome, and to have gained the throne through the murders of both his wife and his elder brother, followed by the assassination of his predecessor, Servius Tullius. Īncient accounts of the regal period mingle history and legend. He is commonly known as Tarquin the Proud, from his cognomen Superbus ( Latin for "proud, arrogant, lofty"). Lucius Tarquinius Superbus (died 495 BC) was the legendary seventh and final king of Rome, reigning 25 years until the popular uprising that led to the establishment of the Roman Republic. Dahlberg, 158.įrom CHAUCER NAME DICTIONARY Copyright © 1988, 1996 Jacqueline de Weever Published by Garland Publishing, Inc., New York and London.Lucius Tarquinius Priscus (possibly grandfather) Harder, "Livy in Gower's and Chaucer's Lucrece Stories." PMPA 2 (1977): 1-7 Livy, Livy, ed. Bettenson, 28-30 Ian Donaldson, The Rapes of Lucretia: A Myth and its Transformations John Gower, The Complete Works, ed. Lucresse, a pronunciation variant, never appears initially it appears four times in medial positions, MLI 63 FranklT 1405 LGW F 257, LGW G 2 and four times in final rhyming position, Anel, 1786, 1872.Īugustine, Concerning the City of God, trans. It occurs only in final rhyming position, BD 1082. Lucrece is the French variant of Latin Lucretia, feminine of Lucretius, the name of a Roman clan. Lucresse is a virtuous wife, but Alceste surpasses her, LGW F 257, LGW G 211. Lucretia is exemplary of wifely virtue, MLI 63 FranklT 1405 BD 1087 Anel 82. Gower uses the story to illustrate unchastity, Confessio Amantis VII.4754-5130.
Jealous Husband tells the story and says that there are no more Lucretias in Rome, RR 8608-8642. Augustine emphasizes the inappropriateness of her suicide, The City of God I.18, in a comparison of Christian and pagan virtue. The virtue of Lucretia is a medieval commonplace. They forgave her, but Lucretia stabbed herself and fell dead at their feet ( Fasti II.685-852 Livy, Ab urbe condita liber I.57-59). When day came, she sent for her father and her husband and told them what had happened. After he had threatened her several times, she at length gave way. She prepared a meal for him, but after the meal Tarquinius pulled his sword and threatened her with death unless she yielded to his lust. He later returned to the house, and Lucretia welcomed him as a relative. Sextus Tarquinius, Collatinus's cousin, immediately caught fire with lust for Lucretia. When he reached his house, Collatinus found his wife Lucretia spinning with her maids. Collatinus boasted of his wife's fidelity and beauty and suggested that they all ride off to Collatia to prove the truth of his boast. During a break in the fighting during the siege of Ardea, the officers were entertained at a feast. late sixth century B.C., daughter of the consul Lucretius, was the wife of Tarquinius Collatinus, an officer in the Roman army. LUCRECE Main Menu | List of entries | finished
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